Generic procedure for designing and implementing plan management systems for space science missions operations

This paper is one of the components of a larger framework of activities whose purpose is to improve the performance and productivity of space mission systems, i.e. to increase both what can be achieved and the cost effectiveness of this achievement. Some of these activities introduced the concept of Functional Architecture Module (FAM); FAMs are basic blocks used to build the functional architecture of Plan Management Systems (PMS). They also highlighted the need to involve Science Operations Planning Expertise (SOPE) during the Mission Design Phase (MDP) in order to design and implement efficiently operation planning systems. We define SOPE as the expertise held by people who have both theoretical and practical experience in operations planning, in general, and in space science operations planning in particular. Using ESA’s methodology for studying and selecting science missions we also define the MDP as the combination of the Mission Assessment and Mission Definition Phases. However, there is no generic procedure on how to use FAMs efficiently and systematically, for each new mission, in order to analyse the cost and feasibility of new missions as well as to optimise the functional design of new PMS; the purpose of such a procedure is to build more rapidly and cheaply such PMS as well as to make the latter more reliable and cheaper to run. This is why the purpose of this paper is to provide an embryo of such a generic procedure and to show that the latter needs to be applied by people with SOPE during the MDP. The procedure described here proposes some initial guidelines to identify both the various possible high level functional scenarii, for a given set of possible requirements, and the information that needs to be associated with each scenario. It also introduces the concept of catalogue of generic functional scenarii of PMS for space science missions. The information associated with each catalogued scenarii will have been identified by the above procedure and will be relevant only for some specific mission requirements. In other words, each mission that shares the same type of requirements that lead to a list of specific catalogued scenarii can use this latter list of scenarii (regardless of whether the mission is a plasma, planetary, astronomy, etc. mission). The main advantages of such a catalogue are that it speeds-up the execution of the procedure and makes the latter more reliable. Ultimately, the information associated to each relevant scenario (from the catalogue or freshly generated by the procedure) will then be used by mission designers to make informed decisions, including the modification of the mission requirements, for any missions. In addition, to illustrate the use of such a procedure, the latter is applied to a case study, i.e. the Cross-Scale mission. One of the outcomes of this study is an initial set of generic functional scenarii. Finally, although border line with the above purpose of this paper, we also discuss multi-spacecraft specific issues and issues related to the on-board execution of the plan update system (PUS). In particular, we show that the operation planning cost of N spacecraft is not equal to N times the cost of 1 spacecraft and that on-board non-synchronised operation will not require inter-spacecraft communication. We also believe that on-board PUS should be made possible for all missions as a standard.     

欧洲市场直接运营成本（DOC）分析方法及应用

根据欧洲民航实际运营情况,总结分析欧洲AEA模型中用于飞机竞争分析和总体参数优化的DOC计算方法,建立欧洲市场直接运营成本计算分析模型,然后就某机型的欧洲市场和中国市场DOC计算进行分析,最后指出未来研究的方向。     

基于飞行程序的测控软件调度模式及其实现

在分析测控软件调度基本需求的基础上，提出基于飞行程序的测控软件调度模式用以提高地面操作的自动化程度，讨论了该调度模式实现中的关键技术和解决途径。     

Petri网模型在智能型电话管理系统开发中的应用

基于Petri网模型的智能仪器监控软件设计方法是一种新型的软件设计方法。运用该方法 ,在对智能型电话管理系统中的内部因素和外部因素综合分析的基础上 ,结合Petri网模型理论 (Petri -net-modeltheo ry) ,找到了智能仪器监控软件的形式化描述技术和数学化设计方法 ,给出了其工程化的解决方案。工程应用实践表明 ,Petri网模型及其在智能仪器监控软件设计中的应用是可行而成功的。     

低功率电弧喷射推力器实验研究

为深入了解低功率电弧喷射推力器的启动特性和工作性能，对不同推进剂和不同结构尺寸的推力器进行了广泛的多启动实验研究。研究中建成了推进剂供给系统和真空模拟系统，研制了电源处理单元和小推力测量装置，开发了实验数据采集系统，完成了实验推力器结构设计和材料选择，并分别采用氩、氮、氨为推进剂成功地进行了点火实验。研究表明，推进剂性质对推力器启动特性和工作特性具有重大影响，推力器优化设计应该针对具体的推进剂进行并考虑适当宽广的流量范围。     

中国市场直接运营成本（DOC）计算方法研究与应用

民机运营经济性的分析是民机市场销售成功的关键因素。首先总结了直接使用成本（DOC）模型的研究进展;然后结合中国市场情况,提出一种简单可行的用于民用飞机方案评估的DOC计算模型;接着给出了某典型喷气式客机的计算分析算例,结果表明本文所示的计算方法具有一定的工程指导意义;最后提出进一步研究的主要方向。     

基于贝叶斯网络的关键链项目管理模型

针对项目进度管理问题,在分析关键链项目管理方法和贝叶斯网络模型技术的基础上,建立了关键链项目管理贝叶斯网络模型（CCPMBN）。首先给出了CCPMBN的基本定义,详述了模型中的节点、有向边及节点条件概率分布信息。然后,提出了面向贝叶斯网络的关键链工序分解方法,研究了基于项目关键链信息的CCPMBN建模方法。针对关键链模型中的大量资源冲突情况,分析了CCPMBN中的各类冲突结构,并给出了冲突描述及化解方法。最后,通过CCPMBN基本性质和特征分析表明了贝叶斯网络模型在项目进度管理中的应用前景。     

双组元发动机燃烧室瞬态工作过程仿真

为真实模拟双组元姿控发动机燃烧室的瞬态工作过程,耦合考虑了自燃点火与喷雾燃烧过程,提出了适合于准一维计算的求解燃烧室气体参数的新方法,发展了可反映集液腔填充和排空过程影响的喷注质量子模型,建立了分析双组元姿控发动机燃烧室瞬态工作过程的准一维模型。利用此仿真模型分析了EADS 10N姿控发动机燃烧室的单脉冲和多脉冲工作过程,得到了真空推力、液滴位置分布和总冲等结果,并与文献中的试验结果进行了比较分析。表明仿真结果与试验结果一致性较好。     

Experimental investigation on operating behaviors of loop heat pipe with thermoelectric cooler under acceleration conditions

An experimental study was carried out in this article to investigate the transient operating performance of a Dual Compensation Chamber Loop Heat Pipe (DCCLHP) with Thermoelectric Cooler (TEC) under acceleration conditions and ammonia was selected as the working fluid. For the purpose of comparison, experimental work was conducted under terrestrial gravity. Sensitivity analysis was performed to explore the effect of several control parameters such as the heat load, acceleration magnitude and TEC assist on the startup and operating performance of the DCCLHP. Experimental results indicate that the DCCLHP can get to a steady-state operation when the heat load changes from 25 W to 300 W under terrestrial gravity. While under acceleration conditions, the DCCLHP can work at a high operating temperature or even fail to operate, which shows the acceleration effect plays a significant impact on the loop operation. The TEC assist with power of 10 W can improve the operating performance and reduce the operating temperature for the case of small heat load and acceleration magnitude. When the acceleration exceeds 3g at large heat load, the effect of TEC assist on the operation at large heat load can be ignored.     

构建靶场区域CORS及其靶场应用初探

连续运行卫星定位综合服务系统(CORS)是集GNSS卫星导航定位、计算机、数据通信和互联网等技术于一体,在一个区域或一个国家根据需求按一定方案建立的常年运行的由若干个固定GNSS基准站组成的网络系统,为用户提供测量等多项相关技术服务。提出在靶场建立区域CORS,构建一个网络时代的靶场测量系统的方案设想,为实现靶场信息化提供一条思路。